• Jean-Paul Steib, Julia Bouchaïb, Axel Walter, Sébastien Schuller, and Yann Philippe Charles.
• Service de Chirurgie du Rachis, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pavillon Chirurgical B, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France. jean-paul.steib@chru-strasbourg.fr
• Eur Spine J. 2010 Jul 1; 19 Suppl 2 (Suppl 2): S220S225S220-5.

AbstractWe report a case of fatal evolution of neurofibromatosis in a young boy. A laminectomy was performed when he was 9 years old. A secondary hyperkyphosis led to many surgeries resulting in recurrent malunions. When he was 23 years old, a breakage of his rods was treated by a new instrumentation and a T12-L1 interbody cage fitted with rh-BMP. Five months later, he developed a huge posterior tumour on his back. The biopsy diagnosed a neurofibrosarcoma. The growth of the tumour was extremely rapid. He died after several months from a septic shock. NF1 is characterised by neurofibromas that have a possibility of malign degeneration and conversion to a sarcoma. However, the chronology, rapidity of evolution and the exceptional volume of the tumour made us wonder whether the BMP had a part of responsibility as osteoinductor in the malignant degeneration, in this particular case, of neurofibromatosis. It seemed important to point out this case to the medical community.

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