• Fatemeh Pourmotahari, Nasrin Borumandnia, Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei, and Hamid Alavimajd.
• Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
• J Res Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1; 29: 22.

BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition in which impaired connectivity of the brain network. The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique can provide information on the early diagnosis of autism by evaluating communication patterns in the brain. The present study aimed to assess functional connectivity (FC) variations in autism patients.Materials And MethodsResting-state fMRI data were obtained from the "ABIDE" website. These data include 294 autism patients with a mean (standard deviation) age of 16.49 (7.63) and 312 healthy individuals with a mean (standard deviation) age of 15.98 (6.31). In this study, changes in communication patterns across different brain regions in autism patients were investigated using graph-based models.ResultsThe FC cluster of 17 regions in the brain, such as the hippocampus, cuneus, and inferior temporal, was different between the patient and healthy groups. Based on connectivity analysis of pair regions, 36 of the 136 correlations in the cluster were significantly different between the two groups. The middle temporal gyrus had more communication than the other regions. The largest difference between groups was - 0.112, which corresponding to the right middle temporal and right thalamus regions.ConclusionThe findings of this study revealed functional relationship alterations in patients with autism compared to healthy individuals, indicating the disease's effects on the brain connectivity network.Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.

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