• Truls Østbye, Kimberly S H Yarnall, Katrina M Krause, Kathryn I Pollak, Margaret Gradison, and J Lloyd Michener.
• Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. truls.ostbye@duke.edu
• Ann Fam Med. 2005 May 1; 3 (3): 209214209-14.

PurposeDespite the availability of national practice guidelines, many patients fail to receive recommended chronic disease care. Physician time constraints in primary care are likely one cause.MethodsWe applied guideline recommendations for 10 common chronic diseases to a panel of 2,500 primary care patients with an age-sex distribution and chronic disease prevalences similar to those of the general population, and estimated the minimum physician time required to deliver high-quality care for these conditions. The result was compared with time available for patient care for the average primary care physician.ResultsEight hundred twenty-eight hours per year, or 3.5 hours a day, were required to provide care for the top 10 chronic diseases, provided the disease is stable and in good control. We recalculated this estimate based on increased time requirements for uncontrolled disease. Estimated time required increased by a factor of 3. Applying this factor to all 10 diseases, time demands increased to 2,484 hours, or 10.6 hours a day.ConclusionsCurrent practice guidelines for only 10 chronic illnesses require more time than primary care physicians have available for patient care overall. Streamlined guidelines and alternative methods of service delivery are needed to meet recommended standards for quality health care.

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