• John Politis, Li Ping Chung, Ezinne Igwe, Philip Bardin, and Peter G Gibson.
• Monash Lung Sleep Allergy and Immunology, Monash University and Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
• Intern Med J. 2024 Jul 1; 54 (7): 113611451136-1145.

BackgroundPeople with severe asthma remain at risk of toxicity from maintenance oral corticosteroid (OCS) use and/or frequent OCS burst therapy. Cumulative exposures above 500-1000 mg prednisolone are associated with adverse effects, and recently OCS stewardship principles were promulgated to guide OCS prescription.AimsTo examine real-world registry data to quantify OCS burden, ascertain trends over time in prescription and assess whether opportunities to implement steroid-sparing strategies were utilised.MethodsParticipants were enrolled in the Australasian Severe Asthma Registry for the period 2013-2021. Assessments were taken at enrolment and then annual follow-up, which included asthma control and OCS use. Descriptive analyses were performed, and subgroups were compared at baseline and over time.ResultsNine hundred and twenty-four participants were evaluated and 215/924 (23%) were taking maintenance OCS at baseline, with 44% and 32% of participants having exposure to ≥500 or 1000 mg of OCS respectively in the prior year. Twelve months later, an additional 10% and 9% of participants reached cumulative doses of 500 or 1000 mg. People exceeding thresholds had ongoing poor asthma control. At baseline, 240/924 (26%) people were treated with asthma biological therapy. An additional 83 (12%) participants were identified as potentially benefiting from this steroid-sparing medication. Of these patients, only 23% commenced a biologic agent in the next 12 months.ConclusionsA large national asthma registry identifies exposure to toxic cumulative doses of OCS in more than a third of participants, with further subsequent cumulative dose escalation over 2 years. Steroid-sparing strategies were often not employed, highlighting the need for implementation of OCS stewardship initiatives.© 2024 The Authors. Internal Medicine Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Royal Australasian College of Physicians.

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