• Clin Med · Oct 2011

    Case Reports

    Autoimmune limbic encephalitis.

    • Christopher P Derry, Mark D Wilkie, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, and Richard J Davenport.
    • Division of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh. cderry@nhs.net
    • Clin Med. 2011 Oct 1; 11 (5): 476478476-8.

    AbstractAutoimmune limbic encephalitis is an increasingly recognised cause of cognitive decline and confusion. The typical presentation is with subacute cognitive decline, behavioural disturbance and seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging may show characteristic changes in the medial temporal regions. The diagnosis is confirmed by identification of elevated voltage-gated potassium channel antibody (VGKC-Ab) titres. It is a highly treatable condition, often responding well to intravenous immunoglobulin or steroids. Recognition of autoimmune limbic encephalitis is sometimes delayed--usually because the diagnosis has not been considered--which can result in long-term neurological consequences.

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