• Qin Zhong, Yu Yan, and ShuangLe Li.
• Department of Ophthalmology, Zigong First People's hospital, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 May 24; 103 (21): e38303e38303.

RationaleThe most common subtype of primary lymphoma of the ocular adnexa is the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) subtype. MALT lymphoma of the lacrimal gland is relatively rare among the lacrimal gland tumors, and the early clinical symptoms are atypical, which can easily lead to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Here, we report a case of MALT lymphoma of the lacrimal gland and explore its clinical manifestations, pathological characteristics, management, and pathogenesis, with the aim of helping clinicians gain an in-depth understanding of ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma.Patient ConcernsA 60-year-old man presented to our hospital with proptosis and diplopia. The right eye deviated and shifted toward the lower part of the nose.DiagnosisOrbital enhanced magnetic resonance imaging suggested a mass with a maximum cross-section of 3.2 × 2.1 cm. T1 weighted image was isointense, and the enhancement was more uniform and obvious.InterventionsThe right orbital mass was treated surgically, and the final pathology report was MALT lymphoma. After the pathological report was released, the patient was transferred to the hematology department for further diagnosis and no further treatment was given eventually.OutcomesSeven months later, the patient did not complain of discomfort. Whole-body positron emission tomography-computed tomography, superficial lymph node examination and orbital magnetic resonance imaging revealed no abnormal changes.LessonsThe clinical manifestations of MALT lymphoma are heterogeneous. Imaging examination is important for assessing the size of the tumor and its relationship with adjacent tissues. Postoperative pathological examination may provide further evidence for the evaluation of the patient's surgical efficacy and prognosis. Management of MALT lymphoma of the lacrimal gland requires a multidisciplinary approach involving ophthalmologists, hematologists, and radiotherapists.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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