• Teruhisa Sakamoto, Mikiya Kishino, Yuki Murakami, Kozo Miyatani, Takehiko Hanaki, Yuji Shishido, Kyoichi Kihara, Tomoyuki Matsunaga, Manabu Yamamoto, Naruo Tokuyasu, and Yoshiyuki Fujiwara.
• Division of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 May 24; 103 (21): e38292e38292.

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the prognostic relationship between relative dose intensity (RDI) of adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy and psoas muscle mass volume (PMV) in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We enrolled 105 patients with histologically confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who had undergone pancreatectomy. Adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy was administered to 72 (68.6%) of the 105 patients and not to the remaining 33 patients. Patients who received adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy were stratified into high- and low-RDI groups by the cutoff value for RDI. Five-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were significantly higher in the high- than in the low-RDI group. Similarly, both the 5-year OS and RFS rates were significantly greater among patients in the high-PMV group than among patients in the low-PMV group. The RDI was an independent prognostic factor in our study patients. Furthermore, patients who received adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy were stratified into 3 groups: those with both high RDI and high-PMV, Group A; those with either high RDI or high PMV (but not both), Group B; and those with both low RDI and low-PMV, group C. There were statistically significant differences in 5-year OS and RFS between 3 patient groups (5-year overall survival: P = .023, 5-year relapse-free survival: P = .001). The area under the curve for the combination of RDI and PMV (0.674) was greater than that for RDI alone (0.645). A sufficient dosage of adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy is important in improving survival of patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. A combination of RDI and PMV may predict the prognosis of patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma more effective than RDI alone.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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