• Chia-I Chou, Chia-Jen Shih, Yung-Tai Chen, Shuo-Ming Ou, Chih-Yu Yang, Shu-Chen Kuo, and Dachen Chu.
• From the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital (C-IC); School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei (C-JS, Y-TC, S-MO, C-YY, S-CK); Deran Clinic, Yilan (C-JS); Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Heping, Fuyou Branch (Y-TC); Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei (S-MO, C-YY); National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County (S-CK): Division of Infectious Diseases, Taipei Veterans General Hospital (SC-K); Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University (DC); Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences (DC); and Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (DC).
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Mar 1; 95 (9): e2645e2645.

AbstractTo investigate the association between the use of nonselective or cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-selective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a general Asian population. We conducted an observational, nationwide, nested case-control cohort study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database between 2010 and 2012. AKI cases were defined as hospitalization with a principle diagnosis of AKI. Each case was matched to 4 randomly selected controls based on age, sex, and the month and year of cohort entry. Odds ratios (ORs) were used to demonstrate the association between hospitalization for AKI and current, recent, or past use of an oral NSAID. During the study period, we identified 6199 patients with AKI and 24,796 matched controls. Overall, current users (adjusted OR 2.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.28-3.28) and recent users (adjusted OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.35) were associated with increased risk of hospitalization for AKI. The risk was also similar for nonselective NSAIDs. However, neither current nor recent use of COX-2 inhibitors was significantly associated with AKI events. Our study supported that the initiation of nonselective NSAIDs rather than COX-2 inhibitors is associated with an increased risk of AKI requiring hospitalization. Future randomized trials are needed to elucidate these findings.

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