• Jean-Baptiste Berenger, Colombe Saillard, Antoine Sannini, Luca Servan, Frederic Gonzalez, Marion Faucher, Jean-Manuel de Guibert, Marie-Anne Hospital, Magali Bisbal, Laurent Chow-Chine, and Djamel Mokart.
• Polyvalent Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France.
• J Crit Care. 2024 Oct 1; 83: 154817154817.

PurposeProphylactic platelet transfusions (PT) aim to reduce bleeding. We assessed whether restrictive PT compared to prophylactic strategy could apply in ICU.Material And MethodsWe conducted a retrospective monocentric study including patients >18 yo with haematological malignancy admitted to the ICU with thrombocytopenia <20 G/L between 2018 and 2021. Patients were classified in 2 groups according transfusion strategy applied during the first 3 days: prophylactic or restrictive transfusion.Results180 patients were included, 87 and 93 in the restrictive and prophylactic groups respectively. After propensity-score analysis, 2 groups of 54 matched patients were analyzed. Restrictive strategy led to a significant reduction in PT with incidence rate for 100-ICU-patients-days of 34.9 and 49.9, incidence rate ratio = 0.699 [0.5-0.9], p = 0.006, representing a 31% decrease. Decreased PT persisted until day 28 with platelet concentrates transfusions-free days at day 28 of 21 [13-25] and 16.5 [10.2-21] in the 2 groups (p = 0.04). Restrictive strategy did not result in higher grade ≥ 2 bleeding. Transfusion efficiency was low with similar number of days with platelet <10 or < 20 G/L regardless of strategy. Platelet transfusion strategy was not associated with 28-day mortality. Platelet nadir <5G/L was associated with day-28 mortality with HR = 1.882 [1.011-3.055], p = 0.046.ConclusionA restrictive PT strategy appears feasible in the ICU.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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