-
- Şehmus Pala, Remzi Atilgan, and Nevin Ilhan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fırat University School of Medicine, Elazığ, Turkiye.
- Turk J Med Sci. 2024 Jan 1; 54 (1): 280290280-290.
Background/AimProinflammatory chemokines have been shown to play crucial roles in implantation, spiral artery invasion, and the fetomaternal immunological response. In this context, we investigated the levels of fractalkine (CX3CL1) and chemokine CC motif ligand 4 (CCL4 or MIP-1β) in maternal serum and amniotic fluids in pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).Materials And MethodsThis prospective cohort study was carried out at Fırat University Obstetrics Clinic between January 1, 2022 and July 1, 2022. Group (G) 1: The control group consisted of 40 pregnant women who underwent elective cesarean section (CS) at 38-40 weeks of gestation. G2: A total of 40 pregnant women with IUGR at 28-37 weeks of gestation were included in the study group. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta (MIP-1β), and fractalkine were measured in maternal serum and amniotic fluid samples obtained during CS.ResultsWhen maternal age was compared, no statistically significant difference was observed between G1 and G2 (p = 0.374). The number of gravidity was found to be statistically higher in G1 compared to G2 (p = 0.003). The mean gestational week was statistically higher in G1 (p < 0.001). Maternal serum MIP-1β (p = 0.03) and IFN-γ (p = 0.006) levels were higher in G1. The birth weight of the baby (p < 0.001) and umbilical cord blood gas pH value (p < 0.001) at birth were higher in G1. HIF-1α (p < 0.001), fractalkine (p < 0.001), MIP-1β (p < 0.001), TNF-α (p = 0.007), IL-1β (p < 0.001), and IFN-γ levels (p = 0.007) in amniotic fluid were higher in G2.ConclusionElevated levels of proinflammatory factors, including fractalkine and MIP-1β, along with inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, as well as increased HIF-1α levels in amniotic fluid, are associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) attributed to a hypoxic amniotic environment.© TÜBİTAK.
Notes
Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
- Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as
*italics*
,_underline_
or**bold**
. - Superscript can be denoted by
<sup>text</sup>
and subscript<sub>text</sub>
. - Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines
1. 2. 3.
, hyphens-
or asterisks*
. - Links can be included with:
[my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
- Images can be included with:
![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
- For footnotes use
[^1](This is a footnote.)
inline. - Or use an inline reference
[^1]
to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document[^1]: This is a long footnote.
.