• Anna Dowrick, Sue Ziebland, Tanvi Rai, Friedemann SmithClaireCNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., and Brian D Nicholson.
• Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: anna.dowrick@phc.ox.ac.uk.
• Lancet Oncol. 2024 Aug 1; 25 (8): e388e395e388-e395.

AbstractImproving cancer outcomes through innovative cancer detection initiatives in primary care is an international policy priority. There are unique implementation challenges to the roll-out and scale-up of different innovations, requiring synchronisation between national policy levers and local implementation strategies. We draw on implementation science to highlight key considerations when seeking to sustainably embed cancer detection initiatives within health systems and clinical practice. Points of action include considering the implications of change on the current configuration of responsibility for detecting cancer; investing in understanding how to adapt systems to support innovations; developing strategies to address inequity when planning innovation implementation; and anticipating and making efforts to mitigate the unintended consequences of innovation. We draw on examples of contemporary cancer detection issues to illustrate how to apply these recommendations to practice.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

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