• Clemens-Magnus Meier, Rhoikos Furtwängler, Nils Welter, Marvin Mergen, Stefan Wagenpfeil, Dietrich von Schweinitz, Raimund Stein, Leo Kager, Jens-Peter Schenk, Christian Vokuhl, Sabine Kroiss-Benninger, Patrick Melchior, Steven W Warmann, Jörg Fuchs, and Norbert Graf.
• Department of General Surgery, Visceral, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
• Ann. Surg. 2024 Jun 12.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify parameters that allow the estimation of tumor-infiltrated lymph nodes (LN) after pretreatment for unilateral Wilms tumor (WT).Summary Background DataComplete tumor resection with removal of regional LN is always necessary. Positive LNs require local irradiation influencing benefits in case of NSS in long-term follow-up. Clinical and tumor-related data available at the time of surgery in combination with intraoperative findings (IAF) were used to estimate the LN status during surgery.MethodsAltogether, 2115 patients with unilateral WT were prospectively enrolled in SIOP-93-01 / GPOH and SIOP-2001 / GPOH over a period of 30 years (1993-2023). LN infiltration by tumor was calculated for age, sex, metastases at diagnosis, tumor volume (TV), TV shrinkage, and intraoperative findings (IAF) using logistic regression models.ResultsAge ≥48 months (P<0.001, OR 2.17, CI 1.57 - 3.00), TV at diagnosis ≥300 (P<0.001, OR 3.72, CI 2.37 - 5.85), metastasis at diagnosis (P<0.001, OR 6.21, CI 4.47 - 8.62) and IAF (>1: P<0.001, OR 3.54, CI 2.13 - 5.88) correlated with positive LNs. TV shrinkage was not predictive of positive LN. Three flow charts were developed based on age, TV at diagnosis, metastasis, and IAF. These flowcharts defined risks between 0% and 41.5% for LN infiltration by tumor.ConclusionsThe combination of age, TV at diagnosis, and metastasis with IAF allows the estimation of the frequency of positive LNs, which may help surgeons deciding about NSS.Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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