• François Javaudin, Valentine Canon, Matthieu Heidet, Wulfran Bougouin, Younès Youssfi, Frankie Beganton, Jean-Philippe Empana, Richard Chocron, Xavier Jouven, Eloi Marijon, Hervé Hubert, Florence Dumas, Alain Cariou, and Sudden Death Expertise Center investigators and GR-RéAC.
• Paris Sudden Death Expertise Center, 75015 Paris, France; Emergency Department, Nantes University Hospital, 44000 Nantes, France. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/FJavaudin.
• Resuscitation. 2024 Aug 1; 201: 110269110269.

IntroductionEarly initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by bystanders of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) significantly improves survival and neurological outcomes. However, misconceptions about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission risk during CPR can deter lay bystanders from performing resuscitation. The aim of this study was to compare the rate of CPR initiation by lay bystanders who witnessed OHCA in subjects with and without HIV infection.MethodsWe analysed data from the two French cardiac arrest registries (SDEC and RéAC) from 2012 to 2020. We identified HIV-positive individuals from the French National Health Insurance database for the SDEC registry, and directly from the RéAC registry data. We used logistic regression models to assess the association between CPR initiation by lay bystanders and the victim's HIV status.ResultsOf 58,177 witnessed OHCA cases, 192 (0.3%) occurred in HIV-positive subjects. These individuals were younger, more often male, and presented more shockable initial rhythms compared with subjects without HIV. Overall, there was no difference in the CPR initiation rate according to the HIV status (57.3% vs 47.6%, adjusted odds ratio 1.11, 95% confidence interval 0.83-1.48). The CPR initiation rate also did not differ by location between victims with or without HIV (home: 57.7% vs 45.4%; public places: 56.0% vs 53.6%; p for interaction = 0.46). Survival and neurological outcomes at hospital discharge did not differ based on the HIV status.ConclusionsThis study revealed that the rate of CPR initiation by lay bystanders did not differ between HIV and non-HIV subjects during OHCA.Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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