• Br J Anaesth · Aug 2024

    Editorial Review

    Charting the course for improved outcomes in chronic critical illness: therapeutic strategies for persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome (PICS).

    • Valerie E Polcz, Evan L Barrios, Shawn D Larson, Philip A Efron, and Jaimar C Rincon.
    • Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
    • Br J Anaesth. 2024 Aug 1; 133 (2): 260263260-263.

    AbstractEnhanced critical care delivery has led to improved survival rates in critically ill patients, yet sepsis remains a leading cause of multiorgan failure with variable recovery outcomes. Chronic critical illness, characterised by prolonged ICU stays and persistent end-organ dysfunction, presents a significant challenge in patient management, often requiring multifaceted interventions. Recent research, highlighted in a comprehensive review in the British Journal of Anaesthesia, focuses on addressing the pathophysiological drivers of chronic critical illness, such as persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism, through targeted therapeutic strategies including immunomodulation, muscle wasting prevention, nutritional support, and microbiome modulation. Although promising avenues exist, challenges remain in patient heterogeneity, treatment timing, and the need for multimodal approaches.Copyright © 2024 British Journal of Anaesthesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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