• Medicine · Jun 2024

    Review Case Reports

    Research progress of ectopic thyroid cancer in thyroglossal duct cyst: A case report and literature review.

    • Fan Bu, Kai Yu, Bingfei Dong, Wenjun Wang, Li Rong, Jixue Wang, Shuai Xue, Fang Wan, Dandan Yu, Ji Lu, and Guang Chen.
    • Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
    • Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jun 28; 103 (26): e38540e38540.

    RationaleThyroglossal duct carcinoma, a rare clinical condition characterized by ectopic thyroid adenocarcinoma within thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs), typically confirmed through intraoperative rapid pathology, this condition generally has a favorable prognosis. Nevertheless, comprehensive treatment guidelines across all disease stages are lacking, the purpose of this study is to report 1 case of the disease and propose the treatment plan for each stage of the disease.Patient ConcernsA patient presented with thyroid swelling, classified as C-TIRADS 4A following a physical examination. Preoperative thyroid puncture identified papillary thyroid carcinoma, and genetic testing revealed a BRAF gene exon 15-point mutation. Ancillary tests showed a slightly decreased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level (0.172) with no other significant abnormalities.DiagnosesPreoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) confirmed right-side thyroid cancer. Intraoperative exploration uncovered a TGDC and intraoperative rapid pathology confirmed thyroglossal duct carcinoma.InterventionsA Sistrunk operation and ipsilateral thyroidectomy were performed.OutcomesPostoperative recovery was satisfactory.LessonsThyroglossal duct carcinoma is a rare disease affecting the neck. Due to limited clinical cases and the favorable prognosis associated with this condition, there is currently no established set of diagnostic and treatment guidelines. According to tumor size, lymph node metastasis, thyroid status and other factors, the corresponding treatment methods were established for each stage of thyroglossal duct cancer, which laid the foundation for the subsequent treatment development of this disease.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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