• L D Jiménez-Posada, A F Palacio-Sánchez, Y J Montagut-Ferizzola, M Ardila-Villegas, and Juan C Maya.
• Universidad EIA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias Básicas, Grupo de Investigación en Ingenieria Biomédica (GIBEC) Envigado, Antioquia, Colombia.
• Crit. Care Med. 2024 Oct 1; 52 (10): e503e511e503-e511.

ObjectivesTo validate a mathematical model using porous media theory for alveolar CO2 determination in ventilated patients.DesignMathematical modeling study with prospective clinical validation to simulate CO2 exchange from bloodstream to airway entrance.SettingICU.PatientsThirteen critically ill patients without chronic or acute lung disease.InterventionsNone.Measurements And Main ResultsModel outcomes compared with patient data showed correlations for end-tidal CO2 (EtCO 2 ), area under the CO2 curve, and Pa CO2 of 0.918, 0.954, and 0.995. Determination coefficients ( R2 ) were 0.843, 0.910, and 0.990, indicating precision and predictive power.ConclusionsThe mathematical model shows potential in pulmonary critical care. Although promising, practical application demands further validation, clinician training, and patient-specific adjustments. The path to clinical use will be iterative, involving validation and education.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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