• Hidde Heesakkers, Johannes G van der Hoeven, Stijn Corsten, Inge Janssen, Esther Ewalds, Koen S Simons, Maaike de Blauw, RettigThijs C DTCDDepartment of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Amphia Hospital, Breda, the Netherlands., Crétien Jacobs, Susanne van Santen, SlooterArjen J CAJCDepartments of Psychiatry and Intensive Care and UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, UZ Brussel and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Be, van der WoudeMargaretha C EMCEDepartment of Intensive Care and department of quality and safety, Heerlen Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands; Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC, location AC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Marieke Zegers, and Mark van den Boogaard.
• Radboud university medical center, Department Intensive Care, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: hidde.heesakkers@radboudumc.nl.
• J Crit Care. 2024 Dec 1; 84: 154858154858.

PurposeTo determine differences in one-year multi-domain health outcomes in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 intensive care unit (ICU) survivors.Materials And MethodsAdult ICU survivors treated for COVID-19 were compared to a control group consisting of survivors admitted for respiratory distress due to other causes, i.e. non-COVID-19 ARDS or pneumonia. Occurrence of physical (frailty, fatigue, physical symptoms), mental (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress) and cognitive symptoms, and quality of life (QoL) scores were measured, using validated questionnaires, before and one year after ICU treatment.ResultsIn total, 506 COVID-19 survivors could be compared to 228 non-COVID-19 survivors. At one-year follow-up, COVID-19 ICU survivors had less physical (76.2% vs. 86.9%, p = 0.001) and mental symptoms (32.0% vs. 47.1%, p < 0.001) than the control group. Cognitive symptoms were comparable (22.5% vs. 17.2%, p = 0.12). However, compared to pre-ICU health symptoms and scores, COVID-19 survivors experienced an increase in symptom occurrence rates in all domains and a decrease in QoL, whereas the control group only experienced an increase in mental and cognitive symptoms, with a similar QoL at one-year follow-up.ConclusionsCOVID-19 ICU survivors experience equal or less health problems but a greater decline in QoL one year after ICU admission compared to non-COVID-19 ARDS or pneumonia survivors.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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