• Jan Beyer-Westendorf, Robert Klamroth, Stephan Kreher, Florian Langer, Axel Matzdorff, and Hanno Riess.
• Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus" Dresden; King's Thrombosis Service, Department of Hematology, King's College London; Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Hemostaseology, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain Berlin; Hematology and Oncology practice, Bad Liebenwerda; II. Medical Clinic and Polyclinic, Hubertus Wald Tumorzentrum - University Cancer Center Hamburg; (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Medical Clinic II, Asklepios Klinikum Uckermark, Schwedt; Medical Department, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin.
• Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2019 Jan 18; 116 (3): 313831-38.

BackgroundThe risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is 4 to 7 times higher in cancer patients than in the normal population. Moreover, cancer patients who take anticoagulants suffer more frequently from hemorrhagic complications and VTE recurrences. Patients often find low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) treatment unpleasant; approximately 20% stop taking LMWH during the first six months of treatment.MethodsBased on a non-systematic literature search, an interdisciplinary group of specialists (hematology, oncology, hemostaseology, and angiology) developed a set of recommendations concerning the treatment of tumor-related thrombosis with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC).ResultsPatient-, tumor-, and tumor-treatment-related factors and clinical situations were identified that should be considered in therapeutic decision-making in the indi- vidual case. NOAC may be an alternative that lessens the rate of VTE recurrence (though at the cost of more hemorrhagic complications), without lessening mortality. Moreover, many factors need to be considered that can limit the utility of NOAC treatment or even make it impossible.ConclusionIt seems likely that, in future, the treatment of tumor-related VTE will often not involve a single decision to use either NOAC or LWMH, but rather a switching of treatment in either of two directions: from LWMH to NOAC in stable phases of the underlying malignant disease, conferring better quality of life to suitable patients; or from NOAC to LWMH, e.g., in patients suffering from emesis or thrombocytopenia, to whom the greater clinical experience with LWMH, parenteral application, or stepwise dose titration can confer benefits.

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