• Ye Li, Jiang Xue, Zhaohua Zhang, Wei Wang, Yulong Wang, and Weiquan Zhang.
• Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Avenue, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
• Ir J Med Sci. 2024 Oct 1; 193 (5): 239724062397-2406.

BackgroundThe compositional and structural changes of gut microbiota were closely related to the status of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP).AimsTo investigate if clinical indicators and gut microbiota differ between HSP patients with or without gastrointestinal (GI) involvement and to explore the alterations of fecal microbiota in HSP children with and without GI symptoms.MethodsA total of 22 children with HSP were enrolled in the study. Fecal microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Clinical indicators, fecal microbial diversity, and compositions were compared between the two groups.ResultsRespectively, 9 patients with GI involvement (HSP-A) and 13 patients without GI involvement (HSP-N) were enrolled. Prealbumin (PA) and the ratio of immunoglobulin A (IgA) / complement (C)3 were significantly decreased in the HSP-A group and an elevated D-dimer was found in the HSP-N group. The relative abundances of Blautia, Lachnospira, and Haemophilus were significantly higher in the HSP-A group compared to HSP-N. Lower levels of unidentified Prevotellaceae, Parabacteroides, and Romboutsia were found in HSP-A patients. The linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) showed that the biomarkers for the HSP-A group included Blautia, Anaerostipes, Veillonella, Lachnospira, and Haemophilus. For the HSP-N group, unidentified Prevotellaceae, Intestinibacter, Romboutsia, and Akkermansia were the prominent biomarkers at the genus level. Additionally, the ratio of IgA/C3 exhibited a negative correlation with the genus Blautia. Meanwhile, PA showed negatively correlation with Veillonella.ConclusionsThese results provide a broader understanding for future microbial-based therapies to decrease the development of GI involvement and improve the clinical outcome of HSP in children.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland.

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