• Hui Yao, Xuejie Li, Shize Leng, and Hui Zhang.
• Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, No. 466, Shi liugang road, Hai zhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
• BMC Anesthesiol. 2024 Jul 12; 24 (1): 235235.

BackgroundDelayed spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) following central neuraxial block (CNB) is a rare but serious complication. The underlying causes of SEH associated with neuraxial anesthesia are still unclear. Furthermore, the decision between surgical intervention and conservative management for SEH remains a complex and unresolved issue.Case PresentationWe report a case of delayed SEH in a 73-year-old woman who underwent vaginal hysterectomy under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, with the administration of postoperative anticoagulants to prevent deep vein thrombosis on the 1st postoperative day (POD). She experienced symptoms 56 h after CNB. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a dorsal SEH at the L1-L4 level with compression of the thecal sac. On conservative treatment, full recovery was achieved after six months.ConclusionsThis case reminds anesthesiologists should be alert to the possible occurrence of a delayed SEH following CNB, particularly with the administration of anticoagulants. Immediate neurological evaluation of neurological deficit and MRI are advised. Conservative treatment combined with close and dynamic neurological function monitoring may be feasible for patients with mild or nonprogressive symptoms even spontaneous recovery.© 2024. The Author(s).

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