• Alice L Zhou, Alexandra A Rizaldi, Jessica M Ruck, Armaan F Akbar, Andrew Kalra, Alfred J Casillan, Jinny S Ha, Christian A Merlo, Ahmet Kilic, and Errol L Bush.
• Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md.
• J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2024 Jul 14.

ObjectivesConcomitant heart and lung recovery can result in increased operative complexity, ischemic time, and competition for resources and anatomic territory. Dual thoracic recovery from circulatory death donors may have additional risks that are not fully understood. We investigated the effects of dual heart and lung recovery from circulatory death donors on thoracic transplant outcomes.MethodsUsing the United Network for Organ Sharing database, we categorized all adult thoracic circulatory death donor transplants from 2019 to 2023 by whether the donor heart, lung, or both (dual donors) were recovered. Heart and lung transplant outcomes were compared between dual recovery donors and heart-only or lung-only donors, respectively, using multivariable analyses.ResultsOf the 2513 donors included, 42.9% were heart-only, 45.0% were lung-only, and 12.0% were dual donors. Recipients of dual versus heart-only donors had similar likelihood of post-transplant dialysis (18.9% vs 18.3%, P = .84), likelihood of stroke (2.9% vs 4.7%, P = .34), and 2-year risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.15 [95% CI, 0.90-1.47], P = .26), but lower likelihood of acute rejection (10.2% vs 16.1%, P = .04). Recipients of dual and lung-only donors had similar likelihood of predischarge acute rejection (7.6% vs 8.5%, P = .70), intubation at 72 hours (38.9% vs 45.1%, P = .13), and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation at 72 hours (13.1% vs 18.1%, P = .11), as well as 2-year risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.74-1.82], P = .52).ConclusionsRecovering both the heart and lungs from a circulatory death donor does not negatively impact transplant outcomes. Outcomes in this population should continue to be investigated as more data and longer-term follow-up become available.Copyright © 2024 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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