• Linda Pagura, Enrico Fabris, Serena Rakar, Marco Gabrielli, Enzo Mazzaro, Gianfranco Sinagra, and Davide Stolfo.
• Cardiac Surgery, Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy.
• J Crit Care. 2024 Dec 1; 84: 154882154882.

PurposeExtracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (E-CPR) may improve survival with favorable neurological outcome in patients with refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Unfortunately, recent results from randomized controlled trials were inconclusive. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the impact of E-CPR on neurological outcome compared to conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (C-CPR).MethodsA systematic research for articles assessing outcomes of adult patients with OHCA either treated with E-CPR or C-CPR up to April 27, 2023 was performed. Primary outcome was survival with favorable neurological outcome at discharge or 30 days. Overall survival was also assessed.ResultsEighteen studies were included. E-CPR was associated with better survival with favorable neurological status at discharge or 30 days (14% vs 7%, OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.61-3.43, I2 = 80%, p < 0.001, NNT = 17) than C-CPR. Results were consistent if the analysis was restricted to RCTs. Overall survival to discharge or 30 days was also positively affected by treatment with E-CPR (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.18-2.46, I2 = 81%, p = 0.004, NNT = 11).ConclusionsIn this meta-analysis, E-CPR had a positive effect on survival with favorable neurological outcome and, to a smaller extent, on overall mortality in patients with refractory OHCA.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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