• World Neurosurg · Oct 2024

    Comparative Study

    Sacroiliac joint degeneration after lumbar or lumbosacral fusion surgery - a comparative study of the number of fused segments and sacral fusion.

    • Jae-Won Shin, Yong-June Suk, Yung Park, Joong-Won Ha, Hak-Sun Kim, Kyung-Soo Suk, Sung-Hwan Moon, Si-Young Park, Byung-Ho Lee, and Ji-Won Kwon.
    • Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
    • World Neurosurg. 2024 Oct 1; 190: e823e832e823-e832.

    ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to investigate whether multi-segment fusion or fusion-to-sacrum increases sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pathology compared with single-segment fusion or a non-fused sacrum.MethodsThis study included 116 patients who underwent lumbar or lumbosacral fusion and were followed up for 2 years. The patients were classified into single-segment fusion (n = 46) and multi-segment fusion (more than two levels, n = 70) groups and then reclassified into the non-fused sacrum (n = 68) and fusion-to-sacrum groups (n = 48). Preoperative and postoperative radiographs were used to evaluate radiographic parameters, and computed tomography (CT) was used to evaluate SIJ degeneration. Low back pain (LBP) was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS, 0-10). Baseline and postoperative values were compared using a paired sample t-test.ResultsLBP VAS scores significantly differed at 6 months (single-segment fusion, 3.04±1.88; multi-segment fusion, 4.83±2.33; P < 0.001) and 2 years postoperatively (single-segment fusion, 3.3±2.2; multi-segment fusion, 4.78±2.59; P = 0.094). There was no significant difference in SIJ degeneration, as assessed by CT scan, between the 2 surgical groups: 14 (30%) and 19 (27%) patients in the single-segment and multi-segment (P = 0.701) fusion groups, respectively. The LBP VAS scale showed comparable differences at 1 (non-fused sacrum, 3±2.18; fusion-to-sacrum, 3.74±2.28; P = 0.090) and 2 years postoperatively (non-fused sacrum, 3.29±2.01; fusion-to-sacrum, 4.66±2.71; P = 0.095). CT scan revealed that 18 (26%) and 15 (31%) patients in the non-fused sacrum and fusion-to-sacrum groups, respectively, developed SIJ arthritis; however, there was no significant intergroup difference (P = 0.574).ConclusionsSIJ degeneration occurs independent of the number of fused segments or sacrum involvement.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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