• Noel E Donlon, Brendan Moran, Maria Davern, Matthew G Davey, Czara Kennedy, Roisin Leahy, Jenny Moore, Sinead King, Maeve Lowery, Moya Cunningham, Claire L Donohoe, Dermot O'Toole, Narayanasamy Ravi, and John V Reynolds.
• Department of Surgical Oncology, Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland.
• Ann. Surg. 2024 Nov 1; 280 (5): 772779772-779.

ObjectiveTo analyze the impact of centralization on key metrics, outcomes, and patterns of care at the Irish National Center.BackgroundOverall survival rates for esophageal cancer in the West have doubled in the last 25 years. An international trend towards centralization may be relevant; however, this model remains controversial, with Ireland centralizing esophageal cancer surgery in 2011.MethodsAll patients (n=1245) with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or junction treated with curative intent involving surgery, including endoscopic surgery, were included (n=461 from 2000 to 2011, and 784 from 2012 to 2022). All data entry was prospectively recorded. Overall survival was measured (1) for the entire cohort, (2) for patients with locally advanced disease (cT 2-3 N 0-3 ), and (3) for patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy. All complications were recorded as per Esophageal Complication Consensus Group definitions, and the Clavien-Dindo severity classification. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism (v.6.0) for Windows and SPSS (v.23.0) software (SPSS) R Studio (R version 4.2.2). Survival times were calculated using a log-rank test and Cox regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier curves were generated.ResultsEndotherapy for cT1a/intramucosal cancer adenocarcinoma increased from 40 (9% total) to 245 (31% total) procedures between the pre-centralization and post-centralization (post-C) periods. A significantly ( P < 0.001) higher proportion of patients with cT 2-3 N 0-3 disease in the post-C period underwent neoadjuvant therapy (66% vs 53%). Operative mortality was lower ( P =0.02) post-C, at 2% versus 4.5%, and ≥IIIa Clavien-Dindo major complications decreased from 33% to 25% ( P < 0.01). Recurrence rates were lower post-C (38% vs 53%, P < 0.01). Median overall survival was 73.83 versus 47.23 months in the 2012 to 2022 and 2000 to 2011 cohorts, respectively ( P < 0.001). For those who received neoadjuvant therapy, the median survival was 28.5 months pre-centralization and 42.5 months post-C ( P < 0.001).ConclusionsThese data highlight improvements in both operative outcomes and survival from the time of centralization, and a major expansion of endoscopic surgery. Although not providing proof, the study suggests a positive impact of formal centralization with governance on key quality metrics and an evolution in patterns of care.Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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