• Anne Renet, Elie Azoulay, Jean Reignier, Alain Cariou, Anne Renault, Olivier Huet, Frédéric Pochard, Ruth A Engelberg, and Nancy Kentish-Barnes.
• APHP Nord, Saint Louis Hospital, Famiréa Research Group, Intensive Care Unit, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, Paris, France.
• Intensive Care Med. 2024 Oct 1; 50 (10): 165716671657-1667.

PurposeFor the first time in France, a randomised controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the impact of a nurse facilitator on family psychological symptoms. We sought to explore the implementation of the intervention, how it was experienced by clinicians, as well as the barriers and facilitators to implementing the change.MethodsWe conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews with intensive care unit (ICU) clinicians and facilitators involved in the trial. Interview questions focused on participants' perceptions of the intervention and its outcomes, including the effect of the intervention on patients, families and the health care team, and barriers and facilitators to its implementation. Interviews were conducted by two social science researchers, audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic content analysis.ResultsTwenty-three clinicians were interviewed from the five participating ICUs. Three themes emerged, capturing clinicians' perspectives on implementing the intervention: (1) improved communication and enhanced care for families and the ICU team, albeit with some associated risks; (2) active listening and support, both for families and ICU clinicians but with certain limitations; (3) barriers to implementation including lack of organizational readiness, exclusion of under-represented groups, and facilitator challenges including role ambiguity and the need for role support.ConclusionParticipants believed the facilitator intervention potentially improved families' experience. However, they also highlighted emotional difficulties and tensions with some members of the participating teams, due to competing territories and ambiguous role definitions. Facilitators' failure to affect decision-making suggests their role in enhancing goal-concordant care was inadequate within the setting.© 2024. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

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