• Federico Castillo-Álvarez and María Eugenia Marzo-Sola.
• Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Logroño, La Rioja, España. Electronic address: fcastilloa@riojasalud.es.
• Med Clin (Barc). 2024 Aug 28.

AbstractRestless legs syndrome is the most prevalent sleep-related movement disorder, affecting 5-10% of the population, characterized by an urge to move that appears during rest or is exacerbated by rest, primarily in the lower extremities, that occurs in the evening or night and that disappears during movement or is improved by movement. Restless legs syndrome significantly impacts sleep, mood, and quality of life. Its pathophysiology involves a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, as well as comorbidities, leading to alterations in brain iron resulting in dysfunction in dopaminergic, adenosine, and glutamatergic pathways. Treatment typically includes iron supplementation and symptomatic therapy, traditionally utilizing dopamine agonists. However, their long-term use may exacerbate symptoms, relegating them to second-line treatment after ligands α2δ of calcium channels.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

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