• Lijiao Yang, Yanyan Ren, and Xing Yin.
• Department of Oncology, Handan First Hospital, Handan City, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 May 31; 103 (22): e38301e38301.

RationalePulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma (PMEC) is a rare lung malignancy, especially in combination with ALK mutations, whose clinical presentation lacks specificity and for which there are no standardized treatment guidelines.Patient ConcernsWe report a case of a patient with PMEC-predominant primary lung cancer combined with an ALK mutation.DiagnosesOne patient was diagnosed with PMEC combined with ALK mutation.InterventionsAfter diagnosis by puncture pathology, the patient was treated with oral targeted drugs.OutcomesThe patient's cough and fever were controlled, her diet improved significantly, and she gained 20 pounds in 6 months. During this period, the primary and metastatic foci in the lungs were significantly reduced on repeat chest CT.ConclusionPMEC combined with ALK mutation is an extremely rare primary lung cancer, and the diagnosis is mainly based on pathology, histology and immunohistochemistry. The application of molecularly targeted drugs to patients with mutations can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with PMEC, which is expected to be a new breakthrough in the treatment of PMEC.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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