• Medicine · Sep 2024

    Causal relationship between thyroid function and multiple sclerosis: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

    • Wenhui Cui, Bin Wang, Keqing Shi, Xin Wang, Shuyu Chen, Aolong Xu, Fuyan Shi, Suzhen Wang, Xueli Zhang, Xiaorong Yang, and Qiang Wang.
    • College of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Shandong, China.
    • Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Sep 13; 103 (37): e39709e39709.

    AbstractAn association between thyroid function and multiple sclerosis (MS) has been reported in several observational studies, but the causal relationship between them is still unclear. Thus, this study used a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the associations between thyroid function and MS. Bidirectional MR was used to explore the causal relationship between thyroid function (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], free thyroxine [FT4], hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism) and MS. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of thyroid function and MS were obtained from the ThyroidOmics Consortium and the FinnGen Consortium, respectively. Inverse-variance weighted method (IVW) was the primary analysis method to assess causality with Weighted median, MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, and simple mode as auxiliary methods. Sensitivity analyses were performed using heterogeneity tests, horizontal pleiotropy tests and leave-one-out method. There was a positive causal relationship between TSH and MS (IVW: OR = 1.202, 95% CI: 1.040-1.389, P = .013), and no strong evidence was found for an effect of FT4 (IVW: OR = 1.286, 95% CI: 0.990-1.671, P = .059), hypothyroidism (IVW: OR = 1.247, 95% CI: 0.961-1.617, P = .096), and hyperthyroidism (IVW: OR = 0.966, 95% CI: 0.907-1.030, P = .291) on the risk of MS. In the reverse MR results, there was no causal relationship between MS and TSH (IVW: β = -0.009, P = .184), FT4 (IVW: β = -0.011, P = .286), hypothyroidism (IVW: OR = 0.992, 95% CI: 0.944-1.042, P = .745), and hyperthyroidism (IVW: OR = 1.026, 95% CI: 0.943-1.117, P = .549). Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO global test, and Leave-one-out did not observe horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity. In conclusion, MR analysis supported a positive causal relationship between TSH and MS.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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