• Genewoo Hong, Haoyan Zhong, Alex Illescas, Lisa Reisinger, Crispiana Cozowicz, Jashvant Poeran, Jiabin Liu, and Stavros G Memtsoudis.
• Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care & Pain Management, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA; Department of Anaesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: hongg@hss.edu.
• Br J Anaesth. 2024 Nov 1; 133 (5): 955964955-964.

IntroductionHip fractures are a serious health concern and a major contributor to healthcare resource utilisation. We aimed to investigate nationwide trends in the USA in patient characteristics and outcomes in patients after hip fracture repair surgery.MethodsFrom the Premier Healthcare dataset, we extracted patient encounters for surgical hip fracture repair from 2016 to 2021. Patient characteristics, comorbidities, complications, and anaesthetic and surgical details were analysed. Cochran-Armitage trend tests and simple linear regression were used to determine trends.ResultsWe included 347 086 hip fracture repair encounters. Notable trends included the following: median patient age declined from 82 yr [interquartile range: 73-88 yr] to 81 yr [interquartile range: 73-88 yr], (P-value=0.002), the proportion of female patients decreased from 68% to 66.2% (P-value=0.019); internal fixation was the most common intervention initially, but with a declining percentage from 49.9% to 43.8% (P-value <0.001); in general, patients carried a greater comorbidity burden, with the proportion with three or more Elixhauser comorbidities increasing from 56.4% to 58.6% (P-value=0.006); general anaesthesia remained the most common anaesthetic technique, from 68.90% to 56.80% without a significant trend; per 1000 inpatient days, the most common complication remained acute renal failure; despite a higher comorbidity burden, no complication showed a statistically significant upward trend, and many showed downward trends.ConclusionsOver the 6-yr period from 2016 to 2021, a majority of hip fracture repairs continued to be performed under general anaesthesia but with that percentage declining over time. Notable trends included a lower percentage of female patients, an increase in femoral neck fractures, a higher comorbidity burden among patients, and a decrease in complications.Copyright © 2024 British Journal of Anaesthesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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