• Atencion primaria · Sep 2024

    Association between dietary patterns and glycemic control in type II diabetes mellitus patients.

    • Ye Qiang, Xingchen Lu, and Yuchao Zhang.
    • Department of Endocrinology, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Quingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, PR China.
    • Aten Primaria. 2024 Sep 16; 57 (2): 103075103075.

    ObjectiveTo assess the association between dietary patterns and glycemic control among patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM).DesignA cross-sectional study. SITE: The 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).ParticipantsA total of 1646 T2DM patients were included, of whom 854 were hyperglycemia.MethodsMain dietary patterns were identified using the sparse principal components analysis (SPCA). Logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the association between each dietary pattern and the risk of hyperglycemia with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). SPCA analysis yielded five significant principal components (PC), which represented five main dietary patterns.ResultsPC1, characterized by a high intake of sweets, red meat and processed meat, was associated with higher odds of hyperglycemia in patients who underwent hyperglycemic drug or insulin treatments (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.10-2.64). PC5, characterized by high in red meat, while low in coffee, sweets, and high-fat dairy consumption. The relationship between the PC5 and hyperglycemia was marginal significance (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.38-1.02). PC2 was characterized by a high consumption of green vegetables, other vegetables, and whole grains, and low intake of potatoes and processed meat. In patients with the hyperglycemic drug and insulin free, higher PC2 levels were related to lower odds of hyperglycemia (OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.21-0.96).ConclusionsHigh intake of sweets, red meat, and processed meat might be detrimental to glycemic control in patients with drug-treated T2DM. High in red meat, while low in coffee, sweets, and high-fat dairy consumption may be beneficial to glycemic control. In addition, high consumption of green vegetables, other vegetables, and whole grains, and low intake of potatoes and processed meat may be good for glycemic control in patients without drug-treated T2DM.Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Publicado por Elsevier España S.L.U. All rights reserved.

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