• Sophie Winter, Nicola Brennan, and Thomas Gale.
• Collaboration for the Advancement of Medical Education Research, Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
• Anaesthesia. 2024 Sep 10.

BackgroundPoor wellbeing and stress in UK anaesthetic trainees impacts significantly on clinical performance, workforce retention and patient care. This study aimed to provide an overview of the evidence in this field and to explore the factors affecting wellbeing and stress in UK anaesthetic trainees.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and ERIC were searched, in addition to organisational websites. Literature reporting factors affecting wellbeing and stress in UK anaesthetic trainees from 2009 to present were included.ResultsFollowing exclusions, 45 studies were identified. Only five papers included qualitative analyses. Within these studies, 28 different phenomena related to wellbeing and stress were investigated. Thirty-one different factors affecting anaesthetic trainees' wellbeing and stress were identified in this review. These have been summarised as individual; training; clinical role; progression; work patterns; resources; rest; support; and cultural factors. External factors were described as affecting wellbeing and stress more frequently than internal factors. The most frequently cited individual factors were fatigue and pre-existing health status.ConclusionsThe wide scope of phenomena of interest and measurement tools emphasises the challenge of defining and researching the concept of wellbeing. Despite these limitations, we have created a novel conceptual model of individual and external factors affecting UK anaesthetic trainees' wellbeing and stress. This supports an increased awareness and understanding of these factors, so that improvements can be made to practice and policy.© 2024 The Author(s). Anaesthesia published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association of Anaesthetists.

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