• World Neurosurg · Sep 2024

    Predictors of neurological outcomes in patients with poor Glasgow Coma Scale scores 1 week after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

    • Stefan W Koester, Joshua S Catapano, Brandon K Hoglund, Emmajane G Rhodenhiser, Joelle N Hartke, Robert F Rudy, Ethan A Winkler, Ruchira M Jha, Ashutosh P Jadhav, Andrew F Ducruet, Felipe C Albuquerque, and Michael T Lawton.
    • Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
    • World Neurosurg. 2024 Sep 11.

    BackgroundThis study assessed neurological outcomes and variables associated with favorable outcomes in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with low functional status (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score ≤8) on postbleed day 7 (PBD7).MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of all patients in the Barrow Ruptured Aneurysm Trial (January 1, 2014-July 31, 2019) treated for a ruptured aneurysm and who had a GCS score ≤8 on PBD7. The primary outcome was a favorable neurological outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≤2) at last follow-up.ResultsOf 312 patients, 63 had low GCS scores at PBD7. These patients had a significantly greater proportion of poor Hunt and Hess scale grades (≥4) (44/63 [70%] vs. 49/249 [19.7%], P < 0.001) and poor Fisher grades (grade = 4) (58/63 [92%] vs. 174/249 [69.9%], P < 0.001) compared to patients who did not have low GCS scores on PBD7, but no differences were found in age, sex, anterior location, aneurysm size, or type of treatment. Of the 63 patients, 7 (11%) experienced a favorable neurological outcome. On univariate analysis, none of the physical examination reflexes predicted a favorable neurological outcome. The middle cerebral artery aneurysm territory was the only significant predictor of a favorable neurological outcome by multivariate analysis (odds ratio, 10.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.16-100], P = 0.04).ConclusionsThis study yielded no significant physical examination findings that predict a favorable outcome in patients with a GCS score ≤8 on PBD7. This finding may inform the decision of whether to prolong hospital management or arrange for end-of-life care.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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