• Lilyana Amezcua, Dalia Rotstein, Afsaneh Shirani, Olga Ciccarelli, Daniel Ontaneda, Melinda Magyari, Victor Rivera, Dorlan Kimbrough, Ruth Dobson, Bruce Taylor, Mitzi Williams, Ruth Ann Marrie, Brenda Banwell, Bernhard Hemmer, Scott D Newsome, Jeffrey A Cohen, Andrew J Solomon, and Walter Royal.
• University of Southern California (USC), Keck School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: lamezcua@usc.edu.
• Lancet Neurol. 2024 Oct 1; 23 (10): 105010621050-1062.

AbstractThe differential diagnosis of suspected multiple sclerosis has been developed using data from North America, northern Europe, and Australasia, with a focus on White populations. People from minority ethnic and racial backgrounds in regions where prevalence of multiple sclerosis is high are more often negatively affected by social determinants of health, compared with White people in these regions. A better understanding of changing demographics, the clinical characteristics of people from minority ethnic or racial backgrounds, and the social challenges they face might facilitate equitable clinical approaches when considering a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Neuromyelitis optica, systemic lupus erythematous, neurosarcoidosis, infections, and cerebrovascular conditions (eg, hypertension) should be considered in the differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis for people from minority ethnic and racial backgrounds in North America, northern Europe, and Australasia. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in people from a minority ethnic or racial background in these regions requires a comprehensive approach that considers the complex interplay of immigration, diagnostic inequity, and social determinants of health.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

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