• Hongsun Kim, Ok Jeong Lee, LeeJun HoJHDepartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea., Yun Jin Kim, Su Ryeun Chung, Taek Kyu Park, Duk-Kyung Kim, Pyo Won Park, and Kiick Sung.
• Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
• J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2024 Sep 24.

ObjectivesThe current study aimed to investigate the impact of the grade and jet direction of residual aortic regurgitation (rAR) after valve-sparing root replacement (VSRR).MethodsThe study enrolled 248 adult patients who underwent VSRR from 1995 to 2021. The patients were divided into groups based on the postoperative rAR. Patients with rAR were further categorized per the rAR grade and jet direction. The primary endpoint was the development of aortic regurgitation ≥ moderate and/or the need for valve replacement during the follow-up, analyzed by a multivariable competing risk analysis. The secondary endpoints included the occurrence of rAR and overall survival.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 36.5 years, and 79.8% were diagnosed with connective tissue disease. After VSRR, 146 patients did not present with rAR. However, 102 had rAR (77 with minimal central, 18 with minimal eccentric, and 7 with mild). The 5- and 8-year incidence rates of the primary endpoint were 14.6% and 17.9%, respectively. The rAR was a significant risk factor (P=0.001), and eccentricity and mild rAR seemed to play an important role. The risk factors of rAR included dilated root, preoperative moderate regurgitation, and redo sternotomy. The overall survival was influenced only by age.ConclusionrAR after VSRR operation could be a risk factor for AR progression. Minimal central rAR generally has a tolerable clinical course. However, patients with even minimal eccentric AR may develop AR progression, so active surveillance and timely management might be required. Further, early VSRR can help reduce the rAR.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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