• Chien-An Liao, Shu-Yi Huang, Chih-Po Hsu, Ya-Chiao Lin, Chi-Tung Cheng, Jen-Fu Huang, Hsi-Hsin Li, Wen-Ya Tung, Yi-Jung Chen, Ken-Hsiung Chen, and Shih-Tien Wang.
• Department of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Centre, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
• Injury. 2024 Sep 23: 111916111916.

BackgroundResuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) serves as a bridging intervention for subsequent definitive haemorrhagic control. This study compared the clinical outcomes of REBOA and resuscitative thoracotomy (RT) in patients with bleeding below the diaphragm.Materials And MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included adult trauma patients who presented to the Trauma Quality Improvement Program between 2020 and 2021 and who underwent either REBOA or RT in the emergency department (ED). Patients with severe head and chest injuries, characterised by an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score greater than 3, were excluded. The clinical data of patients treated with REBOA and those treated with RT were compared, and multivariable logistic regression (MLR) was employed to identify prognostic factors associated with mortality.ResultsA total of 346 patients were enrolled: 138 (39.9 %) received REBOA, and 208 (60.1 %) received RT at the ED. Patients in the RT group underwent ED cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) more frequently (58.2 % vs. 23.2 %; p < 0.001) and had a higher mortality rate (87.0 % vs. 45.7 %; p < 0.001). Patients who died had lower Glasgow Coma Scale scores (6 [4.5] vs. 11 [4.9]; p < 0.001), underwent more ED CPR (58.6 % vs. 9.8 %; p < 0.001), and received RT more frequently (74.2 % vs. 26.5 %, p < 0.001). The MLR revealed that the major prognostic factors for mortality were systolic blood pressure (odds ratio [OR] 0.988, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.978-0.998; p = 0.014), ED CPR (OR 11.111, 95 % CI 4.667-26.452; p < 0.001), abdominal injuries with an AIS score ≥ 4 (OR 4.694, 95 % CI 1.921-11.467; p = 0.001) and RT (OR 5.693, 95 % CI 2.690-12.050; p < 0.001).ConclusionsIn cases of blunt trauma, prompt identification of the bleeding source is crucial. For patients with bleeding below the diaphragm, REBOA led to higher survival rates than did RT. However, it is important to consider the limitations of the database and the necessary exclusions from our analysis.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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