• Nicholas Aderinto, Gbolahan Olatunji, Emmanuel Kokori, Ikponmwosa Jude Ogieuhi, Adetola Emmanuel Babalola, Bonaventure Ukoaka, Abdulrahmon Moradeyo, Emmanuel Egbunu, Samson Afolabi, Ismaila Ajayi Yusuf, and John Ehi Aboje.
• Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. nicholasoluwaseyi6@gmail.com.
• J Headache Pain. 2024 Oct 8; 25 (1): 172172.

BackgroundHeadache disorders, including migraine, pose a significant burden globally, with varying prevalence rates across different regions. However, research on migraine in Nigeria and other low-income countries is limited. Understanding the prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcomes of migraine in Nigeria is essential for informing healthcare policies and improving patient care.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize existing literature on migraine prevalence, characteristics, and treatment outcomes in Nigeria. Eligible studies were identified through comprehensive searches of multiple electronic databases and grey literature sources. Studies reporting migraine prevalence, diagnostic criteria, treatment modalities, and outcomes were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed following established guidelines.ResultsTen studies involving 7,768 participants met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of migraine headache in Nigeria was calculated to be 16% (95% CI = 7-28), with significant heterogeneity observed among studies (I² = 99.35%, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed a higher prevalence of migraine among women compared to men. Common triggers for migraine included physical activity, sleep deprivation, mental and physical fatigue, and emotional stress. Treatment modalities varied, with simple analgesics, NSAIDs, ergotamine derivatives, and amitriptyline being commonly used. However, many participants reported inadequate pain relief or significant side effects, highlighting the need for improved management strategies.ConclusionThe findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis underscore the significant burden of migraine in Nigeria and the need for improved healthcare policies and interventions. Addressing gaps in access to specialized care and implementing more effective treatment regimens could help alleviate the burden of migraine on individuals and healthcare systems in Nigeria. Further research is needed to standardize diagnostic criteria and methodologies and provide more reliable prevalence estimates.© 2024. The Author(s).

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