• Fernando Callera, Carla Cecília Mulin, Evandro Secchi Rosa, Djanete Barbosa de Melo, and Cláudio Marcelo Tavares Pessoa de Melo.
• Hospital Pio XII, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil. fcallera@shhsjc.com.br
• Sao Paulo Med J. 2006 Jan 5; 124 (1): 454745-7.

Context And ObjectiveGeographical variations have been described in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). In Brazil, few studies have been published on this. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the high prevalence of French-American-British (FAB) M1 subtype in adults with de novo AML in São José dos Campos, State of São Paulo, Brazil.Design And SettingRetrospective analysis, at Hospital Pio XII in São José dos Campos, a public non-teaching institution.MethodsRecords from 39 consecutive adult patients with de novo AML referred to Hospital Pio XII between January 2002 and September 2004 were reviewed. Peripheral blood and blood marrow smears were reviewed blindly by five hematologists and classified according to FAB criteria. The rates of remission, relapse, mortality according treatment phase, survival and leukemia-free survival were calculated.ResultsThe prevalence of each category as determined via a consensus among five observers was M0: 0%; M1: 43.6%; M2: 30.7%; M3: 12.8%; M4: 5.1%; M5: 2.6%: M6: 2.6%; and M7: 2.6%. The remission and the relapse rates were 82% and 41% respectively. The mortality rate was 69% (induction of remission: 7/39, 17.9%; post induction: 10/32, 31.2%; and relapse: 10/16, 62.5%). The survival rate was 30% and leukemia-free survival was 33%.ConclusionsThe study demonstrated a high prevalence of FAB M1 subtype in adults with de novo AML in São José dos Campos. Our data suggest the occurrence of different regional prevalences of FAB AML categories in Brazil.

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