• Zhao Shuai, Li Hui, Luo Wei, Hu Zhaolan, Wang Yulu, Liu Tao, Zhang Yanling, and Dai RuPing.
• Department of Integrated Oncology, Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
• Shock. 2024 Oct 2.

AimsSepsis progression is marked by a complex immune response, where the involvement of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) plays an uncertain role. The study aims to elucidate the involvement of HIF-1α in monocyte function during sepsis and its potential as a prognostic indicator.Methods And ResultsTranscriptomic data from healthy individuals and septic patients in datasets GSE54514, GSE167363, and GSE46955 were analyzed. Additionally, human monocytes were employed to elucidate how HIF regulates immune responses in the context of sepsis. Septic non-survivors exhibited sustained upregulation of HIF-1α expression alongside compromised inflammatory response and antigen presentation, with downregulation of NF-κB and HLADRB1 genes associated with poor sepsis prognosis. Conversely, septic survivors displayed an increased proportion of classical monocytes and enhanced inflammation and expression of antigen presentation-related genes. During the recovery phase of sepsis, monocytes continued to demonstrate elevated HIF-1α expression. In cultured THP1 cells and septic CD14+ monocytes, HIF hindered inflammatory responses and antigen presentation, while also suppressing the proportion of classical monocytes after LPS stimulation. Mechanistically, HIF significantly attenuated LPS-induced immune responses in monocytes by inhibiting the phosphorylation of IKK.ConclusionsHIF in monocytes acts as a suppressor of immune-inflammatory responses and antigen presentation, and may serve as a negative molecular marker for sepsis development.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Shock Society.

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