• Dan Liu and Yi-Fei Zhang.
• Dan Liu Department of Neonatology, Associate Chief Physician, Associate Professor, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China. The First Clinical Medical Collage of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China.
• Pak J Med Sci. 2024 Oct 1; 40 (9): 212421292124-2129.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of roxithromycin combined with azithromycin sequential therapy in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 100 patients with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University from January 2020 to December 2022. All patients were divided into the observation group (roxithromycin combined with azithromycin sequential therapy) and the control group (azithromycin sequential therapy), with 50 cases in each group. The clinical efficacy, improvement time of clinical symptoms/signs, inflammation indexes, oxidative stress indexes and immune function levels of the two groups were compared. Moreover, the improvement of lung function indexes and the adverse reactions were observed.ResultsThe overall response rate of the observation group was 96.00%, which was higher than the control group (84.00%) (p<0.05). The time of clinical symptoms/signs in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(p<0.05). After treatment, significant improvements were seen in the levels of CRP, TNF-ɑ, IL-6, GSH-Px, SOD, MDA, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, IgM, IgG , IgA, FEV1, FEV1%, FVC and FEV1/FVC of the two groups compared with those before treatment (p<0.05), and the improvement in the observation group was more obvious than that in the control group(p<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 6.00%, which was slightly lower than that in the control group (8.00%) (c²=0.154, P=0.695).ConclusionRoxithromycin combined with azithromycin sequential therapy is a safe regimen for the treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences.

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