• Mennatallah A Elkady, Ahmed M Kabel, Lamees M Dawood, Azza I Helal, Hany M Borg, Hanan Abdelmawgoud Atia, Nesreen M Sabry, Nouran M Moustafa, ArafaEl-Shaimaa AEA0000-0002-9034-6624College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates.Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates., Shuruq E Alsufyani, and Hany H Arab.
• Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
• Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Oct 14; 60 (10).

AbstractBackground and Objectives: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a pathological state characterized by a combined set of abnormal movements including slow motion, resting tremors, profound stiffness of skeletal muscles, or obvious abnormalities in posture and gait, together with significant behavioral changes. Until now, no single therapeutic modality was able to provide a complete cure for PD. This work was a trial to assess the immunomodulatory effects of canagliflozin with or without levodopa/carbidopa on rotenone-induced parkinsonism in Balb/c mice. Materials and Methods: In a mouse model of PD, the effect of canagliflozin with or without levodopa/carbidopa was assessed at the behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological levels. Results: The combination of levodopa/carbidopa and canagliflozin significantly mitigated the changes induced by rotenone administration regarding the behavioral tests, striatal dopamine, antioxidant status, Nrf2 content, SIRT-1/PPAR-gamma axis, RAGE/HMGB1/NF-κB signaling, and mitochondrial dysfunction; abrogated the neuroinflammatory responses, and alleviated the histomorphologic changes induced by rotenone administration relative to the groups that received either levodopa/carbidopa or canagliflozin alone. Conclusions: Canagliflozin may represent a new adjuvant therapeutic agent that may add value to the combatting effects of levodopa/carbidopa against the pathological effects of PD.

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