• Philipp Kazuo Omuro, David Sander, and Dominique Hart.
• Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, Cologne, 50937, Germany. philipp.omuro@uk-koeln.de.
• BMC Anesthesiol. 2024 Nov 1; 24 (1): 397397.

BackgroundPostoperative negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) can occur in any patient undergoing general anesthesia. There are several risk factors for it, especially postoperative laryngospasm. The disease is usually benign and quickly reversible. In our case the severity and need for advanced critical care therapy was unusual.CaseWe report a severe case of postoperative negative pressure pulmonary edema in a 62-year-old male patient undergoing elective right-sided retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy. The patient developed a severe case of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after postoperative laryngospasm, possibly in conjunction with a suspected anaphylactic reaction. The patient was consequently treated with a combination of invasive airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) and a prone positioning regimen. After drastic improvement in respiratory function, the patient was discharged from the intensive care unit after 10 days and from the hospital after 14 days.ConclusionNPPE is a rare but relevant complication of anesthesia and laryngospasm. The disease can basically occur in any patient undergoing general anesthesia and therefore should be considered.© 2024. The Author(s).

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