• Jorge Esteban-Sampedro, Víctor Moreno-Torres, and Mario Martín-Portugués.
• Internal Medicine Department, Health Research Institute Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana (IDIPHIM) Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
• Med Clin (Barc). 2024 Nov 6.

ObjectiveEvaluating the impact of solid organ neoplasms (SON) and hematological neoplasms (HN) on mortality among RA patients in a nationwide study.MethodsA retrospective, observational comparison of SON and HN-related deaths in RA patients and the general Spanish population was conducted (Spanish Hospital Discharge Database). Binary logistic regression analyzed the impact of RA on mortality risk from each neoplasm.ResultsFrom 2016 to 2019, 139,531 neoplasm-related deaths were recorded, including 813 (0.6%) from RA patients. Patients with RA presented a lower mortality rate from SON (85.1% vs 91.2%, OR 0.99), mainly due to colorectal carcinoma (8% vs 10.6%, OR 0.67) and hepatocarcinoma (1% vs 2.7%, OR 0.44), but higher lung neoplasms risk (20.2% vs 18.6%, OR 1.31). HN-related deaths were also more prevalent in RA patients (14.9% vs 8.8%, OR 1.73), especially B and T/NK non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (6% vs 2.8%, OR 2.12) and myeloid leukemia (4.4% vs 2.3%, OR 1.92).ConclusionRA patients might have a higher mortality risk from lung and hematologic neoplasms. Reducing immunosuppressive burden and developing early-detection programs should be primary goals in this population.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

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