• Shasha Geng, Yang Li, Jianli Ge, Yue Liu, Qingqing Li, Xin Chen, Yingqian Zhu, Xiaotong Guo, Huixiao Yuan, Xiaoli Wang, and Hua Jiang.
• Department of General Practice, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
• Postgrad Med. 2024 Nov 1; 136 (8): 855863855-863.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the nephroprotective effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension based on real-world clinical data. The study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for evidence-based pharmacological treatment of chronic kidney disease in this population.MethodsThe 'Health Cloud' platform of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission was employed to identify and screen elderly patients with T2DM and hypertension. The propensity score matching cohort was further constructed to estimate the effect of SGLT2i on the risk of rapid decline in renal function (∆eGFR≤-5 mL/min/1.73 m2 or ∆eGFR%≤-5%). Multiple sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the results.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, no significant differences of covariates were identified between the SGLT2i and non-SGLT2i groups. The results of multivariate logistic models demonstrated a consistent and inverse correlation between SGLT2i use and the risk of rapid eGFR decline, whether defined as ∆eGFR≤-5 mL/min/1.73 m2 (OR = 0.60, 95% CI:0.38-0.96) or ∆eGFR%≤-5% (OR = 0.57, 95% CI:0.37-0.89). In the stratification of renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RASi) treatment, SGLT2i was associated with a lower risk of rapid eGFR decline in the RASi group (all ORs < 1, p < 0.05), with no interaction between SGLT2i and RASi (all P for interaction > 0.05) detected.ConclusionsSGLT2i significantly reduced the risk of rapid eGFR decline in elderly patients with T2DM and hypertension, but the synergistic effect with RASi remains unclear.

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