• Baiju R Shah, Gillian L Booth, Lorraine L Lipscombe, Denice S Feig, Onil K Bhattacharyya, and Arlene S Bierman.
• University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
• J Eval Clin Pract. 2014 Apr 1; 20 (2): 176183176-83.

Rationale, Aims And ObjectivesTo determine whether demographic, community or health status disparities in cardioprotective medication utilization by diabetes patients exist under a universal drug insurance programme, and whether they narrow or widen during periods of increasing drug utilization.MethodsWe examined all prescriptions filled by all people with diabetes aged ≥65 years in Ontario, Canada in annual cohorts from 1996 (n = 175 345) to 2010 (n = 504 093). We ascertained whether any disparities in use of three classes of cardioprotective medication (statins, all antihypertensives and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors) existed, and whether disparities changed over time.ResultsUtilization of all three cardioprotective medication classes increased substantially over time, particularly statins (rate ratio per year: 1.13, 95% confidence interval 1.11-1.15). We found no disparities associated with many of the demographic or community characteristics examined (including sex, income or rural residence). Use of statins was lower in those aged ≥80 compared with younger age groups, although this disparity narrowed during the study. Persistently lower use of antihypertensives by minorities and by recent immigrants may be due to lower quality of care, barriers to access, or other patient or provider factors, which highlights the need for ongoing monitoring for disparities even in populations with universal drug insurance. Differences in medication utilization based on health status characteristics such as previous cardiovascular disease were medically indicated.ConclusionsAlthough a universal drug insurance programme was reasonably successful in ensuring few disparities in cardioprotective medication use by older patients with diabetes, disparities persisted for some subpopulations, so additional interventions continue to be needed to ensure equitable care.© 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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