• Jie Ke and Xiqing Tu.
• Department of Pediatrics, Huoqiu First People's Hospital, Lu'an, Anhui, China.
• Brit J Hosp Med. 2024 Nov 30; 85 (11): 1111-11.

AbstractAims/Background The drug treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infection caused by mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) has a complex background, involving the characteristics of pathogens, drug resistance, and multiple treatment methods. This study aimed to analyze the therapeutic effect of pulmicort respules and azithromycin on children with recurrent respiratory tract infection caused by MP. Methods The clinical data of 106 children with recurrent respiratory tract infection caused by MP diagnosed in Huoqiu First People's Hospital from July 2021 to July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on different therapeutic methods, 56 children treated with azithromycin were included in the reference group, and 50 children treated with pulmicort respules and azithromycin were included in the observation group. The disappearance time of clinical symptoms, levels of inflammatory factors, immunoglobulin levels, and complications in both groups were observed and compared. Results After treatment, the disappearance time of fever, cough, pulmonary rales, and expectoration was shorter in the observation group, compared with the reference group (p < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), or interleukin-6 (IL-6) between the two groups on the first day of admission (p > 0.05). After 1 week of treatment, the observation group had significantly higher levels of TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-6 compared with the reference group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) between the two groups on the first day of admission (p > 0.05). After 1 week of treatment, the observation group had significantly lower levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM than the reference group (p < 0.01). This study revealed that the incidence of complications in the observation group was 16.00%, which was significantly lower than the 37.50% in the reference group (p < 0.05). Conclusion In the short-term clinical treatment, the combination application of pulmicort respules and azithromycin can effectively improve the immune function of children with recurrent respiratory tract infection caused by MP and relieve their clinical symptoms.

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