-
Biography Historical Article
Bone transplantation and tissue engineering, part IV. Mesenchymal stem cells: history in orthopedic surgery from Cohnheim and Goujon to the Nobel Prize of Yamanaka.
- Philippe Hernigou.
- Orthopedic Surgery, Hopital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France, philippe.hernigou@wanadoo.fr.
- Int Orthop. 2015 Apr 1;39(4):807-17.
AbstractIn 1867 the German pathologist Cohnheim hypothesized that non-hematopoietic, bone marrow-derived cells could migrate through the blood stream to distant sites of injury and participate in tissue regeneration. In 1868, the French physiologist Goujon studied the osteogenic potential of bone marrow on rabbits. Friedenstein demonstrated the existence of a nonhematopoietic stem cell within bone marrow more than a hundred years later. Since this discovery, the research on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) has explored their therapeutic potential. The prevalent view during the second century was that mature cells were permanently locked into the differentiated state and could not return to a fully immature, pluripotent stem-cell state. Recently, Japanese scientist (first orthopaedist) Shinya Yamanaka proved that introduction of a small set of transcription factors into a differentiated cell was sufficient to revert the cell to a pluripotent state. Yamanaka shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine and opened a new door for potential applications of MSCs. This manuscript describes the concept of MSCs from the period when it was relegated to the imagination to the beginning of the twenty-first century and their application in orthopaedic surgery.
Notes
Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
- Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as
*italics*
,_underline_
or**bold**
. - Superscript can be denoted by
<sup>text</sup>
and subscript<sub>text</sub>
. - Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines
1. 2. 3.
, hyphens-
or asterisks*
. - Links can be included with:
[my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
- Images can be included with:
![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
- For footnotes use
[^1](This is a footnote.)
inline. - Or use an inline reference
[^1]
to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document[^1]: This is a long footnote.
.