• Parissa Massahikhaleghi, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Sayed Ataullah Saeedzai, Sayyed Musa Hossaini, Sayed Amin Hamedi, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Mohsen Naghavi, MurrayChristopher J LCJLInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA., and Ali H Mokdad.
• Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
• Arch Iran Med. 2018 Aug 1; 21 (8): 324334324-334.

BackgroundAfghanistan is one of the low-income countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region with young population and myriad of healthcare needs. We aim to report the burden of diseases and injuries in Afghanistan between 1990 and 2016.MethodsWe used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2016 study for estimates of deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost, years of life lived with disability, maternal mortality ratio (MMR), neonatal mortality rates (NMRs) and under 5 mortality rates (U5MR) in Afghanistan.ResultsTotal mortality rate, NMR and U5MR have progressively decreased between 1990 and 2016. Mortality rate was 909.6 per 100000 (95% UI: 800.9-1023.3) and MMR was 442.8 (95% UI: 328.3-595.8) per 100000 live births in 2016. Conflict and terrorism, ischemic heart disease (IHD) and road injuries were the leading causes of DALY among males of all ages in 2016 with 10.9%, 7.8% and 7.6% of total DALYs respectively, whereas among females of all ages lower respiratory infections (LRIs), IHD and congenital birth defects were the leading causes of DALY with 8.7%, 7.0% and 6.5% of total DALYs respectively.ConclusionDespite improvements in certain health indicators, our study suggests an urgent intervention to improve health status of the country. Peace and safety by means of stopping the conflict and terrorism are the mainstay of all other health interventions. Improving health infrastructures, boosting maternal and child health (MCH), battling infectious diseases as well as chronic disease risk factor modification programs can help to decrease burden of diseases.© 2018 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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