• Jing Wang, Han Zhang, Tianlong Wang, Gang Liu, Yuan Teng, Jian Wang, Qiaoni Zhang, Shujie Yan, and Bingyang Ji.
• Department of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China.
• Am J Emerg Med. 2025 Jan 1; 87: 748174-81.

BackgroundThe optimal temperature control strategy in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) patients is unknown, and several trials have reported conflicting results regarding its effectiveness. We aimed to conduct a systemic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess the efficacy of temperature control in ECPR patients.MethodsDatabase searching of studies reporting data on temperature control strategy during ECPR in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was performed. Primary outcomes were overall survival and neurological outcome. Pairwise meta-analysis and Bayesian NMA were performed on studies comparing outcomes among groups of moderate hypothermia (32-34 °C), mild hypothermia (34.1-36 °C) and normothermia (36.1-37.5 °C).ResultsNineteen retrospective studies were included (5622 patients). Statistically significant differences in good neurological outcome were observed in the direct comparison of moderate hypothermia and mild hypothermia (OR, 1.73; 95 % CI: 1.07-2.81) as well as moderate hypothermia and normothermia (OR, 2.14; 95 % CI: 1.24-3.67), but no significant differences were found in the NMA result. There was no difference in either survival outcome or the incidence of bleeding complications among any groups according to direct or indirect analysis.ConclusionsDirect evidence suggests that moderate hypothermia might be associated with improved neurological outcomes in ECPR patients. However, no significant differences in survival outcomes were observed in either the direct or NMA results. Given the lower level of the evidence, interpretation should be made with caution.Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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