• Critical care clinics · Oct 2006

    Review

    Coma, delirium, and cognitive dysfunction in critical illness.

    • Robert D Stevens and Paul A Nyquist.
    • Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. rstevens@jhmi.edu
    • Crit Care Clin. 2006 Oct 1;22(4):787-804; abstract x.

    AbstractSyndromes of global cerebral dysfunction that are associated with critical illness include acute disorders (eg, coma, delirium) and chronic processes (ie, cognitive impairment). These syndromes can result from direct cerebral injury; however, many cases develop as a complication of a systemic insult. Coma frequently evolves into phenomenologically distinct disorders of consciousness; it must be differentiated from conditions in which consciousness is preserved, as in the locked-in state. Advances have been made in defining, scoring, and delineating the epidemiology of cerebral dysfunction in the ICU, but research is needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms, with the goal of identifying targets for prevention and therapy.

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