• Nicholas R Cormier, Daniel A Kinney, and Robert R Gaiser.
• From the Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
• A A Pract. 2025 Jan 1; 19 (1): e01885e01885.

BackgroundThe Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education defines "nonphysician obligations" as "duties performed by nursing and allied health professionals, transport services, or clerical staff." How anesthesiology trainees understand the concept of "nonphysician obligations" and are impacted by these obligations is incompletely understood. The objective of the study was to identify how anesthesiology trainees define "nonphysician obligations," which obligations impact trainee education, and what attitudes trainees hold.MethodsA survey was administered to Anesthesiology residents (N = 86) at a large academic hospital in 2023. Respondents defined "nonphysician obligations," listed obligations that impacted their education, and indicated the frequency of these obligations. Respondents scored their agreement with statements appraising attitudes toward the clarity and consistency of the term and classified anesthesiology tasks as physician/nonphysician. The authors developed a conceptual framework defining "nonphysician obligations" using grounded theory and categorized the participants' responses based on this framework. Tallies assessed which obligations and attitudes were most prominent.ResultsThe response rate was 82.6% (n = 71). Respondents defined nonphysician obligations with either a patient-centered or physician-centered framework. Tasks spanning nursing, patient transport, anesthesia technicians, certified registered nurse anesthetists, and care coordinators impacted education most. Outlier definitions and obligations emerged, including personal and household obligations. Fifty-seven percent of trainees disagreed that the definition of nonphysician obligations was clear. Forty-seven percent agreed definitions held by anesthesiology trainees were aligned. Sixty-two percent felt that different medical specialties did not share a common definition. Classification of typical anesthesiology tasks as physician/ nonphysician was heterogenous.Conclusions"Nonphysician obligations" are defined by a new, nuanced, specialty-specific explanatory framework, and those that impact education are summarized in distinct classes. Trainee definitions and attitudes expose possible faults in how nonphysician obligations are currently evaluated.Copyright © 2025 International Anesthesia Research Society.

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